The Brain's Soundtrack: How Music Rewires Our Neural Pathways
Have you ever wondered what's truly happening inside your head when you listen to your favorite song? It's far more than just pleasant sounds entering your ears. Music, in its intricate beauty, doesn't just entertain us; it actively sculpts our brains, forging new connections and even enhancing cognitive abilities. This remarkable phenomenon is a testament to the power of neuroplasticity, the brain's incredible ability to change and adapt throughout our lives.
From the first lullaby to the complex symphony, music engages a vast network of brain regions, lighting them up like a festive circuit board. But it's not just about what lights up; it's about how those connections strengthen, deepen, and even grow new pathways with repeated engagement.
A Symphony of Brain Activity: What Happens When We Listen?
When a melody, rhythm, or harmony reaches our ears, it doesn't just hit one spot. Music activates a complex and distributed network across the brain:
Auditory Cortex: This is the primary processing center, responsible for interpreting sound waves into recognizable pitches, timbres, and rhythms.
Motor Cortex: Even if you're not dancing, your motor cortex often becomes active, anticipating the beat and prompting toe-tapping or head-nodding. This suggests a deep, primal connection between music and movement.
Frontal Lobe (Prefrontal Cortex): Involved in higher-level cognitive functions like attention, memory, planning, and emotional regulation. This area helps us appreciate the structure of a song, predict what's coming next, and derive pleasure from it.
Temporal Lobe (Hippocampus & Amygdala): Crucial for memory formation and emotional processing. This is why music is so potent in triggering memories and evoking strong feelings, as we discussed in our previous post on "The Soundtrack of Our Lives."
Cerebellum: Traditionally associated with motor control and coordination, the cerebellum also plays a significant role in processing rhythm and timing in music.
Nucleus Accumbens (Part of the Reward System): This region, part of the brain's pleasure and reward circuitry, releases dopamine in response to music, particularly during moments of tension and release, contributing to the "feel-good" aspect of listening.
It's the coordinated dance between these diverse regions that allows us to experience music in all its richness.
Neuroplasticity in Action: How Music Reshapes the Brain
The magic truly begins with neuroplasticity. Every time you listen to music, especially if you're engaged with it (singing along, tapping your foot, analyzing its structure), you're reinforcing the connections between these various brain regions. Repeated exposure, learning an instrument, or even just regularly engaging with music, acts like a sculptor, subtly reshaping the neural landscape.
Think of it like paths in a forest. The more you walk a certain path, the clearer and more defined it becomes. Similarly, the more specific brain circuits are activated together by music, the stronger and more efficient their communication becomes.
This applies not only to strengthening existing connections but also to creating entirely new ones. Studies have shown that learning and playing music, in particular, can lead to:
Increased Gray Matter Volume: Several studies have indicated that musicians often have a higher density of gray matter (where neuron cell bodies are concentrated) in areas related to auditory processing, motor control, and spatial cognition.
Enhanced White Matter Integrity: White matter consists of myelinated axons, which act like insulated wires that connect different brain regions. Musicians often show better white matter connectivity, suggesting more efficient communication pathways between diverse brain areas.
Stronger Corpus Callosum: This thick band of nerve fibers connects the two hemispheres of the brain. Musicians, especially those who started at a young age, tend to have a larger and more robust corpus callosum, indicating enhanced communication between the left (often analytical) and right (often intuitive/creative) sides of the brain.
Musicians vs. Non-Musicians: A Deeper Look
Research consistently highlights fascinating differences in the brains of musicians compared to non-musicians. These aren't just subtle nuances; they represent tangible structural and functional adaptations:
Auditory Processing Superiority: Musicians show enhanced abilities in processing subtle changes in pitch, timbre, and rhythm. Their brains are more efficient at decoding complex auditory information.
Improved Executive Functions: Studies suggest musicians often perform better on tasks requiring working memory, attention, problem-solving, and planning – skills collectively known as executive functions. This is likely due to the mental demands of practicing and performing complex musical pieces.
Enhanced Motor Skills: The intricate coordination required to play an instrument leads to highly refined fine motor skills and sensorimotor integration (the coordination between sensory input and motor output).
Better Emotional Recognition: Some research indicates that musicians are better at perceiving and interpreting emotional cues in speech and other non-musical sounds, possibly because their brains are highly attuned to sonic subtleties.
Greater Brain Plasticity: The very act of learning and mastering an instrument pushes the brain to adapt, making musicians' brains arguably more "plastic" and adaptable to new learning experiences in general.
These changes aren't limited to professional musicians. Even casual engagement with music, like singing in a choir, learning a few chords on a guitar, or simply being an active listener, contributes to neuroplasticity and cognitive benefits.
The Takeaway: Your Brain on Music
The next time you press play, remember that you're not just enjoying a temporary auditory experience. You're engaging in a profound dialogue with your brain, prompting it to adapt, grow, and strengthen. Whether you're a seasoned maestro or someone who just loves to sing in the shower, music is continually rewiring your neural pathways, shaping not just your musical appreciation, but potentially enhancing your memory, attention, and emotional intelligence.
So, go ahead – put on your favorite album. Your brain will thank you for the workout.
The Psychology of Music: Why It Moves Us
Have you ever heard a song and been instantly transported back in time? Not just a vague recollection, but a vivid, multisensory flashback to a specific moment, a feeling, a place? It’s as if the melody isn't just playing through your speakers, but resonating directly with your past. This powerful phenomenon, where music acts as a key to unlock our most potent memories, is something many of us experience, and it's deeply rooted in the fascinating psychology of our brains.
Consider, for instance, the enduring magic of Simon & Garfunkel's "Concert in Central Park." For some, it might evoke a specific era, or perhaps memories of folk music festivals. But for me, it's a specific moment: getting that CD at my aunt's house. I remember the tactile feel of the jewel case, the sunlight streaming through the window, and how I simply couldn't stop listening to "The Boxer" and "Bridge Over Troubled Water" on repeat. It wasn't just music; it was the entire atmosphere, the nascent discovery of an album that would shape my musical landscape for years to come.
This isn't mere nostalgia; it's a profound psychological phenomenon.
The Science Behind the Song: Autobiographical Memory and the "Proust Effect"
The reason music is such a potent trigger for memories lies in its unique connection to our autobiographical memory. This is the memory system responsible for personal experiences from our past. Unlike factual knowledge, autobiographical memories are rich with sensory details, emotions, and a sense of self.
When we experience a significant event, our brain doesn't just store the factual details; it also encodes the sensory information present at that moment – the sights, sounds, smells, and emotions. Because music is so often interwoven with our emotional experiences and social interactions, it gets deeply embedded within these memory networks.
This is where the "Proust effect" comes in. Coined after Marcel Proust's famous literary scene where the taste of a madeleine cake triggers a flood of childhood memories, the "Proust effect" refers to a powerful, involuntary memory triggered by a sensory cue. While Proust focused on taste and smell, music is arguably an even more common and potent trigger for this phenomenon.
Neuroscience explains this connection: the auditory cortex, which processes sound, is closely linked to the hippocampus and amygdala – brain regions crucial for memory formation and emotional processing. When we hear a familiar song, these areas light up, often before we're even consciously aware of the memory taking shape. The emotional resonance of music further strengthens this link, making musical memories particularly vivid and long-lasting.
Why Music Hits Different Than Other Triggers
While a scent or a visual can also trigger memories, music seems to have an unparalleled ability to transport us fully. Why?
Emotional Encoding: Music is intrinsically tied to emotion. We often listen to music during highly emotional periods of our lives – celebrations, heartbreaks, pivotal moments. These strong emotional connections make the associated memories more resilient and readily accessible.
Repetition: Unlike a single event, we often listen to the same songs repeatedly. This repeated exposure, especially during formative years, reinforces the neural pathways connecting the music to those specific times and feelings.
Non-Verbal Nature: Music bypasses our analytical, verbal processing. It speaks directly to our subconscious, accessing memories that might be harder to retrieve through conscious effort or verbal cues.
Harnessing the Power of Your Personal Soundtrack
Understanding this profound connection isn't just intellectually interesting; it offers practical ways to leverage music for our well-being.
For Reminiscence and Connection:
Curate "Memory Playlists": Create playlists dedicated to specific periods of your life (e.g., "High School Jams," "College Days," "Summer of '98"). Listen to them when you want to intentionally revisit those memories, connect with your past self, or even share stories with loved ones.
Spark Family Conversations: Play old music when gathered with family. The shared musical experience can be a powerful catalyst for storytelling, helping bridge generational gaps and strengthening bonds.
Support Cognitive Health: For individuals experiencing memory decline, music therapy is often used to tap into preserved musical memories, bringing moments of clarity, connection, and joy.
For Mood Regulation and Emotional Well-being:
The "Pump-Up" Playlist: When you need a boost of energy, motivation, or confidence, turn to songs associated with past successes or periods of high vitality. Your brain will automatically tap into those positive emotional states.
The "Comfort" Playlist: For moments of stress, anxiety, or sadness, curate a list of songs that evoke feelings of safety, warmth, or tranquility. These are often songs from your childhood or times when you felt secure.
Processing Emotions: Sometimes, the best way to move through a difficult emotion isn't to suppress it, but to acknowledge it. Sad or reflective music can provide a safe space to process grief, frustration, or melancholy, leading to a sense of catharsis.
Mindful Listening: Instead of just having music as background noise, try active listening. Pay attention to the instruments, the lyrics, the emotions evoked. This can be a form of mindfulness, grounding you in the present moment while also connecting to your inner emotional landscape.
For Future Memory Building:
Theme Your Experiences: Consciously choose a "soundtrack" for significant new experiences – a road trip, a new job, a personal project. This can help embed the memories more deeply, creating future musical triggers.
Document the Moment: When you find a song that resonates deeply with a current experience, make a quick note in your phone or a journal about why it resonates. This builds a rich archive for future reminiscing.
Music is more than just entertainment; it's an intricate part of our cognitive and emotional architecture. It’s a powerful, personal time machine, ready to whisk us away to moments long past, full of forgotten feelings and cherished memories. By understanding this incredible power, we can consciously use our personal soundtracks not just to relive the past, but to enrich our present and shape our future.
What songs instantly transport you to a specific memory? Share your "Proust effect" musical moments in the comments below!
The Day My Computer Tried to Silence My Music: A Composition Jury Disaster
Ever had a tech disaster threaten to derail your academic dreams at the absolute worst possible moment? Imagine this: you're a music composition student, you've poured your heart and soul into creating a portfolio of new works, and the culmination of your semester – your composition jury – is just days away. You've spent countless hours meticulously notating every crescendo, every subtle dynamic shift, every note, using your trusty computer and specialized software. You're ready. You're prepared.
Then, disaster strikes. Your computer, your lifeline, the very device holding all your musical creations, decides it's had enough.
That's precisely what happened to me in 2010. My computer, a faithful companion through many late-night composing sessions, decided to stage a dramatic exit just before my final jury presentation. It wasn't a slow fade; it was a sudden, catastrophic failure. One moment, I was fine-tuning a string quartet; the next, a blank screen stared back at me, mocking my impending deadline.
Panic, as you can imagine, set in quickly. All my scores, all my carefully crafted audio mockups, all my hard work… seemingly vanished. This wasn't just an inconvenience; it was a potentially grade-destroying event. My composition jury wasn't just a presentation; it was a crucial evaluation of my progress as a composer, requiring me to showcase my finished pieces. Without my files, I had nothing to show.
I scrambled, trying every troubleshooting trick in the book, but it was clear: my computer was kaput. With no immediate solution and the jury looming, I had to face the music, so to speak. My professor, understanding the gravity of the situation (and perhaps having witnessed similar tech-related meltdowns before), granted me an "incomplete." While a temporary reprieve, it meant one thing: my summer would be spent not relaxing, but making up for lost time and rebuilding my portfolio from scratch.
It was a grueling summer. I borrowed a computer, scrounged for old drafts, and essentially recomposed parts of my portfolio. The pressure was immense, but it also forced me to work in a way I hadn't before. I discovered a newfound resilience and an ability to push through immense stress. When I finally presented my made-up jury at the end of the summer, there was a profound sense of accomplishment, not just in the music itself, but in having overcome such a significant hurdle.
Lessons Learned (the Hard Way):
This traumatic experience taught me some invaluable lessons that I carry with me to this day, and that I want to share with any aspiring composer:
Back Up Everything, and Then Back It Up Again: This is non-negotiable. Cloud storage, external hard drives, USB sticks – use them all! Set up automatic backups if you can. Assume your technology will fail, because eventually, it probably will.
Version Control is Your Friend: Don't just save over your old files. Create new versions regularly (e.g., "PieceTitle_v1," "PieceTitle_v2," etc.). This way, if a file gets corrupted, you can always revert to an earlier, working version.
Print Your Scores (Even Drafts): While digital is convenient, having physical copies of your scores can be a lifesaver. You can always refer to them, even if your computer dies.
Embrace Resilience: Things will go wrong. Your creative process will hit roadblocks. Learn to adapt, problem-solve, and push through. These challenges often make you a stronger artist.
The 2010 jury incomplete was a disaster, but it was also a powerful teacher. It forced me to confront my reliance on technology and to build robust habits that have served me well throughout my compositional career. And trust me, I've never forgotten to back up my files since!
From Blank Page to Full Ensemble: The Thrill of My First Concert Band Piece
There are milestones in a composer's journey that stand out, moments where you feel a significant shift in your understanding and capabilities. For me, one of those truly unforgettable moments was writing my first piece for concert band.
Before this, my compositions were primarily for smaller ensembles – string quartets, piano pieces, maybe a vocal work or two. These were valuable experiences, certainly, but composing for a concert band felt like stepping onto a much larger, more colorful canvas. The sheer breadth of instrumentation – woodwinds, brass, percussion, all working in unison – presented both an exhilarating challenge and an incredible opportunity.
The idea for the piece came to me in a rush of inspiration. I remember sitting at my desk, thinking about the powerful resonance of a full ensemble, the layered textures, the potential for grand statements. Unlike smaller chamber works where every individual line is often exposed and intimate, the concert band offered a tapestry of sound, allowing for broad strokes and vibrant orchestral colors.
The process of writing was an adventure in itself. I spent hours poring over scores of established band literature, dissecting how composers like Holst, Grainger, and more contemporary figures managed to blend timbres, voice chords across different sections, and create compelling narratives with such a diverse group of instruments. It wasn't just about writing notes; it was about understanding the unique characteristics of each instrument – the bright clarity of the flutes, the warm depth of the clarinets, the stately power of the brass, the rhythmic drive of the percussion.
Orchestration, which had been a relatively minor concern in my chamber works, suddenly became paramount. How do you voice a chord so it sounds balanced and full? When do you double parts for added strength? How do you create contrast between sections? These questions dominated my thought process. There were moments of frustration, of course, where a passage didn't quite sound right in my head, or where I struggled to balance competing melodic lines. But these challenges were part of the learning process, pushing me to experiment and refine my ear for large ensemble writing.
Then came the moment of truth: the first rehearsal. Walking into the band room, seeing all those musicians with their instruments, knowing they were about to play my music – it was a mix of intense nerves and overwhelming excitement. The conductor raised the baton, and then… sound. My notes, my rhythms, my harmonies, suddenly filled the room, brought to life by dozens of talented musicians.
It wasn't perfect, of course. There were intonation issues, balance problems, and passages that needed clarification in the score. But hearing it, even in its raw form, was an incredible experience. The initial chords, the swells of melody, the powerful percussive hits – it was all there, tangible and real. That feeling of hearing your creation resonate through a full ensemble, of seeing musicians engage with the world you've built on paper, is truly unparalleled. It’s a moment every aspiring composer dreams of.
Writing that first concert band piece was more than just completing an assignment; it was a transformative experience. It expanded my compositional palette, deepened my understanding of instrumentation, and solidified my passion for creating music on a grander scale. It proved to me that the journey from a blank page to a resounding performance is one of the most rewarding paths a composer can take.
Composing Music for Band Part 1
In the following video, I go into a four or five part series (this is part 1) on how to write music for band or wind ensemble. Hopefully, this will help you if you are new to writing band music and want to take a stab at it.
Here is the video. Enjoy!
A Look Back at My College Composing Days Part 1
I have found these days that composition has turned into something of an evil demon that makes you feel like the most spat-on speck of dust. In my latest piece, "A Singer's lament (my least favorite piece) I mention that the harsh reality has darkened the very dream. Well, I have found that the execution of this work has darkened my very dream of a career as a professional composer. One of the things that I admit that I have not done is successfully blocked out my previous anxieties on the complexities of my craft which should not exist. Ten weeks, eleven weeks, and now twelve weeks into my studies, I still am struggling with definite edits as people that I have graciously summoned to perform my works that I've so desperately tried to put on the table. The common practice with Dr. Menton, my composition teacher and I is that I do one set of corrections while he corrects them, which is fine but it leaves me thirsting for more favorable reviews from the people who hear these works day in, day out. I know, to everyone, this is just life. This is just the way composers have to work. Composers must be really be willing to devote hours and hours of practice and editing to make their compositions the best and the brightest they could be.
They must also build a real, working relationship with performers. This includes the performers being ready to rehearse and perform compositions in a very communicative format. The composers have to also have all scores ready for the performers to perform. But, minor edits should be allowed in rehearsal. All this sounds great, but my experience below is the reality of the odds of having a performer perform your piece.
From a rehearsal stand point, the energy for my works is seldom there. Maybe when I get to heaven, a choir will cover all the glorious work that I have tucked away deep in my mind and heart for so many years. Every time I approach some one for a rehearsal of a piece of mine, I always get some enthusiastic replies, but yet there's a majority that come up with reasons that they cannot commit to my work. I always feel like the recitals are sort of off-points for me. I tend to think I'm in the wrong place, when I know that I'm in a right place. I can't really understand my place in this music world. I feel like I'm expected to be a slave for performers. Well, if there are no performers available to give you some rehearsals of the music, how are composers supposed to survive? I wonder if my compositions are really that terrible.
And then, there is always this bold statement: You know, I can do other things to make money and to make important relations with people through my books and subsequent songs. I don't need to do these compositions for a grade. I'd much rather do my compositions for performers just begging for music. It should not be the composer begging for performers. I'm tired of begging.
Also, I think that pop music is much faster for me to write than this classical music. Classical music is just too serious for me. Singing in choir and performing in jazz are almost the only highlights for me. I just wish that my work would be as rewarding as these two performing acts. I really wish I could write a swan song for choir that is not as difficult as the last. Yet, I do not understand how we can do a piece like Whitacre's "A Boy and a Girl" which is full of dissonant stuff and we can't take on a student's choir piece of the same or similar nature. I think there is something wrong with this picture. I almost think I should have edited the choir piece and perfected that instead of doing this new choir work.
I believe that as a department, and as a collective of music majors, we are feeding into laziness and passing people on who are not as hard-working. But yet, how can I say that I am hard working when I'm a composer who doesn't act on offers that present themselves to him, let alone goes after his chance to perform. What the hell am I doing writing this material? Better yet, what am I doing sitting here living, when living is going out and performing? I don't get out much. That's a big problem.
I figured that I have to write my feelings down at this point. I don't know what my composition career will hold. I know that more simple music sells well and I know that more simple (non musically educated) audiences understand the music better than atonal mathematical stuff. But right now, I don't have my compositional stride in check. If only I could focus and write something with some feeling.
With my writing, feeling is key. I am not a mathematical soul. I cannot write music utilizing tone rows. I have an ear and the ear should be for the use of consonant materials. Yes, one could use dissonance in certain intervals, but do it tastefully. Don't just throw some meat on there that listeners can't chew. Have some class! Be colorful. I could see doing something partially synesthetic which involves some increased amounts of dissonance but throw a consonant chord in the music at the ends of phrases, at their buildups.
It seems all too often the case, nowadays, that a composer can be taught all of the essential aspects of the artistic side of composing--i.e. the music theory, the aural skills, the counterpoint, the orchestration, the arranging, even technological tips on how to save copies and engrave compositions, with the inventions of software programs such as Finale, Sibelius, Notation, and other such programs. Not too much attention; however, is paid to how composition as a career relates with the real world. This would lead the erstwhile young composer to feel lost after four or more years of training at the university level. This leads the composer to frustration and angst about what he or she is to do with his or her future. I have been a "victim" to this on many occasions where I have asked my composition professors for tips on how to get my music into the appropriate hands to be nurtured and performed. My professors would have me focus on just the quality of the works that I compose for now and worry about promoting the work that I do write when I'm perceivably good enough. Hence, the old adage, "Walk before you run," or "Crawl before you walk."
From Rock Music To Classical and Back
From this path in time where I sit, classical music has become less of an interest to me than telling a story, as I figured it might. All of the abstract rules of how to make a certain section sound a certain way, or to make me sound like a certain composer of the nineteenth century really doesn't work. Yeah, it's nice to point out ideas in the scope of all this training and to examine what other master composers have done but it all means nothing when it will not stick in my head. It may stick when I'm on a break from the laborious task of school or work, but once the projects start, my brain goes right into just getting the job done.
Also in a society where we are not allowed to slow down for fear of a loss of some kind, whether it be money or a breach of contract, I find it very difficult to make ideas work. Everyone wants simple fast results. Well, not every career or industry is as fast as the manufacturing industry or subsequent offshoots of it. Not everything is created within the snap of a finger. Trying to put art in a time-slot that is ready-made to order is not art at all. That is why so much of the supposed art we have nowadays is half-baked. Whenever you try to do something but are expected the opposite, it doesn't work. Writing my ideas takes a lot more time than this merely short quarter system to come to full fruition. Professors say, "Then, make it simpler." So, I try and make it simpler. I go in for the jury. The professor says, "Add more color to this. Make this stronger. Bring this out." All the while, you sit there and go, i just made it simpler after making it extravagant and now you want it to be extravagant again? People, make up your minds! If you water down things too much, you diminish any standing quality that the work may have and it becomes a joke on stage. But, if you make it too difficult, it will also be a joke to the audience who will not like the performance of it. Doing chord analysis would help, but that alone does not manufacture originality.
Looking through edits throughout this chapter, I've realized that I've needed to slow down quite a bit, take a few moments to ponder what these other composers have done so that I'm not making the same mistake for yet another jury. At this point I need to be seasoned. If the professors were reading this, they would say, "We're trying to season you. That is why we are suggesting the things we are suggesting." Well, in my off-time, when I'm not writing, I do peruse scores for hours on end, trying to figure out what these composers are doing. But the results that I get from this process aren't much better than the ideas I had to begin with. Thus, the only solution that I find that works is engraving the scores as I analyze them, just as many university pupils rewrite their notes in order to study for tests. This way, I get it.
As of today, I'm still not writing the phrasings as I should for my pieces and doing all that I can to make due for hearings and other important events. Hours and hours of research in the library, studying scores like La Mer by Claude Debussy or Frank Ticheli’s Blue Shades and Angels in the Architecture brings some depth to the kinds of harmonies that should be employed today. In meetings with the conductor and the director of bands at Cal State, I have two widely scored this piece. There is just too much going on right now. Mary—A Prelude for Concert Band in D Minor is my take on a dream I had where this Clapton-esque rock song was blaring in the background while a carnival progressed in front of me. It is a wild and crazy story—this ghost girl coming back to pounce on unrelenting victims that were not victims in the first place, but attacked her viciously. She was the Iris—the eyesore that the world couldn’t stand.
Junior Recital— How Did It Go
Going through the motions looking at all the work that I had done, I see that I have plenty of material to do a recital since the triumphant premier of my first ever band piece Mary—A Prelude for Concert Band in D Minor. Many of my fellow classmates and friends that played in the CSUSB Symphonic band thought that my first work for band was one of the craziest but also one of the funnest works they have ever had the privilege to play. If I were to place it on the grading scale of band music, it would have been a high grade 5 or grade 6.
I'm preparing for my junior recital. I have a lot of different work that I'm doing--even past work--the clarinet concerto. Everything's going well.
Then, there are the private compositions, most notably “Fire In My Soul” that are some of the best I have ever written. I sit back and think “Why didn’t I ever put that on a student recital? Better yet, why don’t I put that on the upcoming recital?” Fast forward almost eight years after the song was “written,” the full orchestral score is yet to be completed and re-recorded and released. At least, a single has been put on iTunes and Spotify for people that are interested.
Performance of My Piece “Lost for Words”
Here is my performance of an original piece called “Lost for Words,” performed at Saint Luke’s Lutheran Church, Hacienda Heights. NEW MUSIC THEORY COURSE OUT NOW:
Composing “Happy Bear”
Hello all! I’m coming to you composing “Happy Bear” as part of the “Grumpy Bear Series.” Below is a video that will walk you through what I’m doing as I’m composing (i.e. the melodies I’m using; the harmonies, etc.)
I will post this piece to the Works page very soon!
Sad and Scared Grumpy Bear
Hey guys! I am back with the next two pieces in “The Grumpy Bear” series. The first one is the “Sad Grumpy Bear,” and the other is the “Scared Grumpy Bear.”
Here are some possible backstories to support the pieces:
Barnaby's familiar forest home is changing – perhaps a favorite berry patch has withered, or a noisy construction crew has moved in. His sadness stems from the loss of the familiar and the uncertainty of the future. The story could explore his resistance to change and his eventual adaptation, perhaps even finding new joys in the altered landscape. This delves into themes of change, resilience, and finding beauty in unexpected places.
Scenario #2:
Barnaby observes other animals enjoying activities he can't participate in – maybe a group of squirrels playfully chasing each other up trees (and Barnaby is too big and clumsy), or a family of ducks swimming happily in the pond (and Barnaby dislikes water). The story could focus on his feelings of exclusion and his journey to either find his own unique way to connect or accept his differences. This touches on themes of belonging and self-acceptance.
For “The Scared Grumpy Bear,” here are two possible backstories for the piece.
Story #1
Barnaby is usually just grumpy, but a strange and unsettling sound echoes through the forest, filling him with an unusual fear. The story could follow his hesitant investigation, perhaps with the help of a braver (but still slightly annoyed by his grumbling) friend. The source of the sound could be something mundane but perceived as terrifying, leading to a humorous or heartwarming resolution. This plays with the contrast between grumpiness and vulnerability, and the power of facing fears.
Story #2
While in his usual state of mild grumpiness, Barnaby has a startling encounter with something he's never seen before – maybe a nocturnal animal during the day, a strange-looking insect, or even a lost human child. His fear could stem from the unknown and his lack of understanding. The story could explore his initial panic and his eventual interaction with the unfamiliar, perhaps leading to an unexpected friendship or a lesson learned. This touches on themes of the unknown, prejudice, and the potential for connection across differences.
Here is a video of “The Sad Grumpy Bear,” one of my recent video scores.
I am also putting this piece in the Works section of the website for you all to take a look at and buy if wanted.
Stay tuned for more! Happy Music Making!
New piece- “The Grumpy Bear” for Easy Piano
Hello all!
This "Grumpy Bear" music started as a little bit of a gag (funny) inspired by one of my piano students. We had a little black bear inside the studio on the piano that she used to press. It would do (I guess) a bear's roar. I should really credit her with the idea because she said, "How about a piece called 'The Grumpy Bear?'" Well, that started a chain reaction of inspiration to do a full set of original tunes that I'm calling "The Grumpy Bear" series. This is the first one of the series. There will be more coming up. Stay tuned!
The sheet music and the YouTube video are available here: https://musescore.com/user/31940243/scores/24910678?share=copy_link
The Many Options of Muse Score Part 1
In this video, I walk you through the various bracketing and other formatting options in Muse Score 4. This video goes in depth on this, so if you’d like to take notes, feel free to.
Here’s the video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iyRSQRenLOA
If you need any more help, let me know in the comments or book a session.
Arranging Piano Pieces for Piano (First of Many Parts?)
Arranging piano pieces for piano and strings can be a time-consuming process, but there are definitely ways to speed it up. Here are some tips that might help:
1. Analyze the Piano Piece:
Identify the essential elements: Before you start transcribing, take some time to analyze the piano piece. Identify the melody, harmony, rhythm, and overall structure. This will help you make informed decisions about which parts to assign to the strings and which to keep for the piano.
Look for patterns: See if there are any repeating patterns or motifs in the music. These can be easily adapted for strings, and recognizing them early can save you time later.
Consider the texture: Pay attention to the texture of the piano piece. Is it dense and complex, or more sparse and simple? This will influence how you distribute the parts between the piano and strings.
2. Prioritize the Melody:
Give the melody to the strings: In most cases, it makes sense to give the main melody to the strings, as they are capable of a wide range of expression and can create a beautiful, lyrical sound.
Choose the right instrument: Decide which string instrument (violin, viola, cello, or bass) is best suited for the melody, considering its range and character.
3. Divide the Harmony:
Distribute the chords: Once you've assigned the melody, you can start dividing the harmony between the piano and strings. You might choose to give the lower notes of the chords to the cello or bass, while the higher notes are played by the piano or violins.
Consider voice leading: Pay attention to how the individual notes in the chords move from one to the next. Smooth voice leading can make the arrangement sound more natural and pleasing.
4. Use the Piano for Texture and Rhythm:
Fill in the gaps: The piano can be used to fill in any gaps in the texture and provide rhythmic drive. You might use it to play arpeggios, scales, or other figures that complement the strings.
Create contrast: Don't be afraid to use the piano to create contrast with the strings. For example, you could have the piano play a staccato passage while the strings play legato.
5. Leverage Technology:
Use notation software: Notation software like Sibelius or Finale can greatly speed up the transcription process. These programs allow you to input notes quickly and easily, and they also have features that can help with arranging, such as automatic part extraction.
Explore virtual instruments: Virtual string instruments can be helpful for auditioning different arrangements and getting a sense of how they will sound.
6. Start with a Sketch:
Create a basic outline: Don't try to write out the entire arrangement in detail right away. Start with a sketch that outlines the main parts for each instrument. This will give you a good overview of the arrangement and make it easier to fill in the details later.
7. Get Feedback:
Ask for input: Once you have a draft of your arrangement, get feedback from other musicians. They may have suggestions for how to improve it or make it more playable.
Additional Tips:
Study scores: Look at scores of existing arrangements for piano and strings to get ideas and inspiration.
Listen to recordings: Listen to recordings of piano and string pieces to get a sense of how the instruments sound together.
Don't be afraid to experiment: There is no one right way to arrange a piece for piano and strings. Experiment with different ideas and see what works best.
Be practical: Consider the skill level of the musicians who will be playing the arrangement. Don't write parts that are too difficult or that require specialized techniques.
By following these tips, you can streamline your transcription process and create beautiful and effective arrangements for piano and strings.
How to Troubleshoot Audio Problems in Dorico Part 1
Troubleshooting Audio Problems in Dorico
Sometime ago, I was working on this big arranging project for one of the studios I work for. I was trying so hard to get Dorico to play the sounds of what I had arranged. Here’s some info on how to troubleshoot the audio in Dorico that I have found out so far.
Bluetooth Connection:
Potential Interference: While Bluetooth can work for audio, it can sometimes introduce latency or interference, which might disrupt smooth playback in a demanding application like Dorico.
Test with Direct Connection: If possible, temporarily connect your speakers or headphones directly to your computer (using a wired connection) and see if playback works correctly. This will help isolate whether Bluetooth is the root of the problem.
2. Dorico's Audio Engine:
Check Audio Engine Settings:
Go to Edit > Device Setup.
Ensure the correct audio output device is selected. (It might be listed as "Speakers," "Headphones," or the name of your Bluetooth device.)
Check the sample rate and buffer size. Experiment with adjusting these settings to find a balance between low latency and stable playback.
Restart Dorico and Your Computer: Sometimes a simple restart can resolve unexpected audio issues.
3. Playback Templates:
What They Are: Playback templates are pre-configured settings that define how Dorico handles audio playback. They can include things like:
Audio output device: The default output for audio.
MIDI output device: If you're using external MIDI devices.
HALion Sonic SE settings: This is Dorico's built-in sound library.
Buffer size and sample rate.
Creating a Playback Template:
Configure Audio Settings: Adjust all your audio settings in Dorico (as mentioned above) until playback works flawlessly.
Save as Template:
Go to File > Save Playback Template.
Give your template a descriptive name (e.g., "Bluetooth Playback" or "Studio Monitors").
Apply Template: To use the template in the future, go to Play > Apply Playback Template and select your saved template.
4. Troubleshooting Tips:
Check for Updates: Make sure you have the latest version of Dorico installed. Updates often include bug fixes and performance improvements.
Disable Other Audio Applications: Close any other applications that might be using audio (e.g., music players, video players) to avoid conflicts.
Check for Driver Issues: Ensure your audio drivers are up-to-date.
Contact Steinberg Support: If you've tried all of the above and are still experiencing problems, reach out to Steinberg's support team. They can provide more specific guidance based on your system and the nature of the issue.
What are fugues, toccatas, and toccatinas?
It all begins with an idea.
Understanding the structure and techniques involved in these musical forms is key to composing them. Here's a breakdown of how to approach writing a fugue, toccata, and toccatina:
Fugue:
Core Concept:
A fugue is a contrapuntal compositional technique, meaning it involves multiple independent melodic lines weaving together. It's less a rigid form and more a process.
The foundation is a "subject," a short, distinct melody.
Key Elements:
Subject:
This is the main theme. It should be memorable and lend itself to development.
Exposition:
The subject is introduced by a single "voice" (a melodic line).
Subsequent voices enter, each stating the subject.
The "answer" is the subject transposed, usually to the dominant key (a fifth higher).
"Countersubjects" are melodies that accompany the subject/answer.
Episodes:
Sections that don't feature the complete subject.
They often use fragments of the subject or countersubjects, creating development and modulation.
Middle Section:
This section develops the subject and answer in various keys.
Final Section:
The subject returns in the tonic key, often with increased intensity.
Techniques like "stretto" (overlapping subject entries) may be used.
Techniques:
Stretto: Overlapping entries of the subject.
Augmentation/Diminution: Lengthening or shortening the subject's note values.
Inversion: Playing the subject upside-down.
Tocatta:
Core Concept:
A toccata is a virtuosic piece, often for keyboard instruments.
It emphasizes technical display, with rapid passages, scales, and arpeggios.
Characteristics:
Virtuosity: Designed to showcase the performer's skill.
Free Form: Less rigid structure than a fugue.
Rapid Passages: Often features fast, intricate runs and figures.
Contrast: May alternate between sections of rapid figuration and more chordal passages.
Often features sections of imitative counterpoint.
Writing a Toccata:
Focus on creating exciting, technically demanding passages.
Vary the texture and dynamics for dramatic effect.
Consider using sequences and patterns to build momentum.
Toccatina:
Core Concept:
A toccatina is essentially a small toccata.
It retains the virtuosic character but on a smaller scale, often shorter and less complex.
Characteristics:
Smaller Scale: Shorter and simpler than a full toccata.
Technical Display: Still emphasizes virtuosity, but within more manageable limits.
Concise: Focuses on a few key ideas and techniques.
Writing a Toccatina:
Choose a few technical figures to develop.
Keep the form concise and focused.
Aim for clarity and brilliance within the smaller scope.
General Tips:
Study Existing Works: Analyze fugues and toccatas by composers like J.S. Bach, to gain a deep understanding of their structure and techniques.
Music Theory: A strong foundation in harmony, counterpoint, and form is essential.
Experimentation: Don't be afraid to experiment with different ideas and techniques.
I hope this helps!
Don’t worry about sounding professional. Sound like you. There are over 1.5 billion websites out there, but your story is what’s going to separate this one from the rest. If you read the words back and don’t hear your own voice in your head, that’s a good sign you still have more work to do.
Be clear, be confident and don’t overthink it. The beauty of your story is that it’s going to continue to evolve and your site can evolve with it. Your goal should be to make it feel right for right now. Later will take care of itself. It always does.
Before the End of Time (piece, YouTube)
It all begins with an idea.
Hey all! In this blog, I would like to perform for you. So, you could call this a vlog. I’m playing a piece that has been long in the making (in fact, since my days at Cal State San Bernardino- 2008). Now, I’ve somehow misplaced the audio of the original recording that had lyrics. I should find it and put it in a subsequent blog post a little later on.
Here is an instrumental version of this tune played at a music studio I teach at. It’s me catching a moment in between students’ lessons. Here you go!
Before the End of Time- Video here.
You could also purchase the piano sheet music here if you’d like.
Understanding Music Composition Part 1
It all begins with an idea.
Understanding Music Composition
Understanding music composition is an essential first step for any budding songwriter or composer. At its core, music composition involves the art of creating original music by organizing elements such as melody, harmony, rhythm, and timbre. Each of these components plays a vital role in conveying emotion and setting the atmosphere for a piece. Whether you are writing a pop song, scoring a film, or creating music for video games, grasping the fundamentals of composition will enable you to express your unique musical ideas effectively.
Melody is often considered the heart of any musical piece. It is the sequence of notes that is most memorable to listeners and often carries the emotional weight of the composition. When crafting a melody, songwriters should consider its range, contour, and phrasing. A well-constructed melody can evoke specific feelings and connect with an audience on a deeper level. Experimenting with different scales, intervals, and rhythmic patterns can lead to distinctive melodic ideas. For those interested in children's music or relaxation music, the simplicity and clarity of the melody can be particularly important, ensuring that the listener can easily follow and engage with the music.
Harmony enriches a melody by providing a supporting framework that enhances its emotional impact. Understanding basic harmonic structures, such as triads and chord progressions, is crucial for any composer. Harmony can create tension and resolution, guiding the listener through various emotional states. Beginners should familiarize themselves with common chord progressions, as they serve as the foundation for many popular songs. In film scoring and video game music, harmony can set the tone for scenes and enhance the narrative, making it essential to choose harmonies that align with the intended mood.
Rhythm is another critical element of music composition that dictates the timing and flow of a piece. A strong rhythmic foundation can propel a song forward and engage listeners. Beginners should experiment with various rhythmic patterns, paying attention to how different tempos and syncopations affect the overall feel of the music. In genres like pop and classical, rhythm can range from straightforward to complex, allowing for creative expression. Additionally, in meditation and relaxation music, a steady, calming rhythm can help create a tranquil atmosphere, encouraging listeners to unwind.
Finally, timbre, the unique quality of sound produced by different instruments or voices, plays a significant role in how a piece is perceived. The choice of instruments can dramatically alter the emotional landscape of a composition. Beginners should explore the diverse sounds available, from orchestral arrangements to electronic textures, and consider how these choices impact the overall mood of their music. Understanding how to blend different timbres effectively will enhance the richness of compositions, whether it’s for a poignant film score or an uplifting children’s song. By mastering these fundamental elements of music composition, aspiring songwriters can develop their own distinctive voice and create compelling music in any genre.Don’t worry about sounding professional. Sound like you. There are over 1.5 billion websites out there, but your story is what’s going to separate this one from the rest. If you read the words back and don’t hear your own voice in your head, that’s a good sign you still have more work to do.
Understanding Music Composition Part 2
It all begins with an idea.
The Role of a Composer
The role of a composer encompasses a wide range of responsibilities that extend beyond simply creating melodies or harmonies. Composers are the architects of musical narratives, using their skills to evoke emotions and convey stories through sound. In various contexts such as film scoring, video game music, and pop songwriting, a composer must understand the needs of the medium they are working in, adapting their techniques and styles to fit the emotional landscape of the project. This adaptability is crucial, as each genre and format requires a different approach to composition.
In film scoring, for example, a composer must collaborate closely with directors and producers to create music that enhances the visual storytelling. This involves analyzing the film’s narrative arc, character development, and emotional tone to craft themes that resonate with the audience. Composers often employ motifs that represent characters or ideas, weaving them throughout the score to create cohesion and depth. Understanding the pacing of scenes and the impact of silence is equally essential; composers must know when to amplify tension with crescendos or when to allow moments of quiet reflection.
When it comes to video game music, the role of a composer takes on additional layers of complexity. Unlike film, where music is typically linear, video game music must accommodate interactivity and player choice. Composers must create dynamic scores that can shift and adapt based on the player’s actions. This requires a deep understanding of both the game mechanics and emotional beats, allowing the music to enhance the gaming experience without overwhelming it. Techniques such as layering, looping, and creating adaptive soundscapes are common in this field, ensuring that the music feels responsive and immersive.
In the realm of pop music, songwriters often focus on crafting catchy hooks, relatable lyrics, and memorable melodies. A composer in this genre must be attuned to current trends while also finding ways to innovate and stand out. Collaborating with other musicians, producers, and lyricists is a significant part of the process, as the final product is often a team effort. Understanding the commercial aspects of songwriting, such as structure, marketability, and audience engagement, is vital for budding songwriters aiming to make their mark in the industry.
Lastly, composers for meditation and relaxation music prioritize creating soundscapes that promote tranquility and mindfulness. In this niche, the role of a composer involves selecting instrumentation, harmonic progressions, and rhythmic patterns that foster a sense of peace and introspection. Unlike more structured genres, this type of composition often leans towards freeform and abstract approaches, focusing on the subtleties of sound and the emotional states they can induce. Understanding the psychological effects of music is essential for composers in this field, as their work directly impacts listeners' well-being and relaxation.
Feel free to contact me if you are wanting one-on-one music composition lessons. Those will also be included in the Services panel of the site very soon.